The inversion ankle sprain is one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries, with an incidence of 7.2/1000 people age 15 to 19.1 People participating in basketball, football, and soccer are at particularly high risk for an ankle sprain. The ankle…Read more

Plantar heel pain is a frequent cause of disability and referral to physical therapy. A recent clinical practice guideline by Martin and colleagues (2014) identified ‘A’ level evidence that foot orthoses can reduce symptoms and improve function associated with plantar…Read more

There are routine tests and measures that are completed with kids at school to screen for risks of limited mobility or deformity. One example is the sit and reach test to assess trunk and lower extremity mobility. While this test…Read more

Stress fractures are common among members of the military, runners, and endurance athletes. With an incidence of 31% in military personnel and 21% in track and field athletes, this area needs to be thoroughly understood by clinicians working in a…Read more

Lower extremity and leg pain from sports participation manifests as a range of symptoms, from anterior leg pain to foot and arch pain, to heel and Achilles pain. In diagnosing and treating young athletes who present with this pain, we need…Read more